Unjust Justice: Repeated Incompetence in Criminal Investigations Involving the Less-Dead as Victims

Authors

  • Paige Mansell The University of California at San Diego

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v12i3.2074

Keywords:

crime, criminology, social justice, criminal investigation, racism, homophobia

Abstract

Acknowledging the less-dead phenomenon - the pattern of lackluster investigations into the disappearances and murders of people from marginalized groups in society who lack prestige and come from a lower socioeconomic class - is an essential step to achieving fair and equal justice. Unfortunately, no previous academic research has attempted to broach this topic. In this paper I aim to highlight the lack of competency in police investigations that is often encountered in cases involving people considered less-dead.

I analyzed several serial murder cases that involved the victimization of the less-dead to find and catalog patterns of victim characteristics and police investigation attempts.

My research revealed that in many serial murder cases, police investigations into the deaths and disappearances of the less-dead were conducted poorly. Sometimes, cases involving people considered less-dead were deliberately neglected by the authorities. A combination of laziness and contempt for people considered less-dead contributes to the long active periods and high body counts of serial killers in North America.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References or Bibliography

“Addressing the Epidemic of Missing & Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls.” Cultural Survival, 6 Mar. 2020, www.culturalsurvival.org/news/addressing-epidemic-missing-murdered-indigenous-wom en-and-girls.

University of Ottawa Press. (2012). 5. Indigenous Women and Sexual Assault in Canada. In Sexual assault in Canada: Law, legal practice and women's activism. essay.

Killoran, Ellen. “Why So Many Sex Worker Murders Go Unsolved.” Rolling Stone, 11 Nov. 2016, www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/why-so-many-sex-worker-murders-go-uns olved-126492/.

Serial Sexual Murderers and Prostitutes as Their Victims … www.researchgate.net/publication/247903679_Serial_Sexual_Murderers_and_Prostitute s_as_Their_Victims_Difficulty_Profiling_Perpetrators_and_Victim_Vulnerability_as_Illustr ated_by_the_Green_River_Case.

Rosewood, Jack, and Rebecca Lo. The Big Book of Serial Killers: Volume 2 150 Serial Killer Files of the World's Worst Murderers: an Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. LAK Publishing, 2019.

Zebrowski, Henry. “Episode 116: Gary Ridgway.” LAST PODCAST ON THE LEFT, 30 Dec. 2017, www.lastpodcastontheleft.com/episodes/2017/12/30/episode-116-gary-ridgway.

Zebrowski, Henry. “Episode 105: John Wayne Gacy.” LAST PODCAST ON THE LEFT, 30 Dec. 2017, ww.lastpodcastontheleft.com/episodes/2017/12/30/episode-105-john-wayne-gacy.

FBI. (2010, December 6). John Wayne Gacy part 01 of 01.

FBI. Retrieved March 8, 2022, from https://vault.fbi.gov/John%20Wayne%20Gacy/John%20Wayne%20Gacy%20Part%20 %20of%201/view

Zebrowski, Henry. “Episode 106: John Wayne Gacy Part II: Maybe He Didn't Do It.” LAST PODCAST ON THE LEFT, 30 Dec. 2017, www.lastpodcastontheleft.com/episodes/2017/12/30/episode-106-john-wayne-gacy-part- ii-maybe-he-didnt-do-it.

Green River homicides investigation. Green river homicides investigation - King County. (n.d.).https://kingcounty.gov/depts/sheriff/about-us/enforcement/investigations/green-river.aspx

Geographic profiling of serial murderer Gary Ridgway, to Assist Law Enforcement in the Apprehension of Future Serial Murderers. (n.d.). https://gis.smumn.edu/GradProjects/NeldnerR.pdf

Blanco, Juan Ignacio. “Robert Pickton: Murderpedia, the Encyclopedia of Murderers.” Robert Pickton | Murderpedia, the Encyclopedia of Murderers, murderpedia.org/male.P/p/pickton-robert.htm.

Missingwomen.library.uvic.ca. (n.d.). https://missingwomen.library.uvic.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/EXHIBIT34.pdf

“MMIW.” Native Women's Wilderness, www.nativewomenswilderness.org/mmiw.

Broomfield, Nick, director. Tales of the Grim Sleeper. Amazon.com, 2016, www.Amazon.com.

CBS News. “‘Grim Sleeper’ Serial Killer Suspect's Secret Photos.” CBS News, CBS Interactive, 16 Dec. 2010, www.cbsnews.com/pictures/grim-sleeper-serial-killer-suspects-secret-photos/.

Hall, Neal. “Robert Pickton Might Have Been Caught Sooner If Things Had Been Done Differently.” Vancouver Sun, 2011, www.vancouversun.com/news/robert+pickton+might+have+been+caught+sooner+things +done+differently+senior+mountie/5980378/story.html.

First Nations Drum, April 25. “Gilbert Paul Jordan: The Boozing Barber.” First Nations Drum Newspaper, 25 Apr. 2009, www.firstnationsdrum.com/2009/04/gilbert-paul-jordan-the-boozing-barber/.

“Gilbert Paul Jordan.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Aug. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Paul_Jordan.

Zebrowski, Henry. “Episode 288: Robert Pickton Part I - Pig Sense.” LAST PODCAST ON THE LEFT, 30 Dec. 2017, www.lastpodcastontheleft.com/episodes/2017/12/29/episode-288-robert-pickton-part-i-pi g-sense.

Zebrowski, Henry. “Episode 289: Robert Pickton Part II - La Costra Pigsta.”, LAST PODCAST ON THE LEFT, 30 Dec. 2017, www.lastpodcastontheleft.com/episodes/2017/12/29/episode-289-robert-pickton-part-ii-la -costra-pigsta.

Zebrowski, Henry. “Episode 290: Robert Pickton Part III - Mrs. Pickton.” LAST PODCAST ON THE LEFT, 30 Dec. 2017, www.lastpodcastontheleft.com/episodes/2017/12/29/episode-290-robert-pickton-part-iii- mrs-pickton.

Zebrowski, Henry. “Episode 291: Robert Pickton Part IV - Out to Lunch.” LAST PODCAST ON THE LEFT, 30 Dec. 2017, www.lastpodcastontheleft.com/episodes/2017/12/29/episode-291-robert-pickton-part-iv-o ut-to-lunch.

Serena, K. (2019, October 7). At 5'5'' With A Heart Condition And Grossly Obese, How Did Ronald Dominique Manage To Kill 23 Men? All That's Interesting. https://allthatsinteresting.com/ronald-dominique.

Mangum, W. by:L., & Malette, W. by:L. (n.d.). Forensic Technology Center of excellence. Forensic Technology Center of Excellence. https://forensiccoe.org/casestudies-episode5/

National Coalition for the Homeless. (2016). Vulnerable to Hate: A Survey of Bias Motivated .

NationalHomeless.org. https://nationalhomeless.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/hate-crimes-2016-17-final_for- web.pdf.

Quinet, K. (1970, January 1). Prostitutes as Victims of Serial Homicide: Trends and Case Characteristics, 1970-2009 - Kenna Quinet, 2011.

SAGE Journals. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1088767910397276.

Lopez, G. (2018, September 24). There's a nearly 40 percent chance you'll get away with murder in America. Vox. https://www.vox.com/2018/9/24/17896034/murder-crime-clearance-fbi-report.

How Canadian Police Overlooked a Serial Killer. VICE. (n.d.). https://www.vice.com/en/article/znq5ww/bc-law-enforcement-ignored-a-serial-killer.

Jolly, J. (2017, May 31). Why I failed to catch Canada's worst serial killer. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38796464.

Robert Pickton Case. Robert Pickton Case | The Canadian Encyclopedia. (n.d.). https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/robert-pickton-case.

Wikimedia Foundation. (2021, May 10). Gary Ridgway. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Ridgway.

Rumore, K. (2019, June 21). Timeline: Suburban serial killer John Wayne Gacy and the efforts to recover, name his 33 victims. Chicagotribune.com. https://www.chicagotribune.com/history/ct-john-wayne-gacy-timeline-htmlstory.html.

Sussex Publishers. (n.d.). Understanding Pragmatic Mission Killers. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/wicked-deeds/201809/understanding-pragmati c-mission-killers#:~:text=Mission%2Doriented%20killers%20justify%20their,%2C%20reli gion%2C%20or%20sexual%20orientation.

Wigon, Z. (2014, December 18). The L.A.P.D. Didn't Catch an Alleged Serial Killer For 30 Years. Is It Because the Victims Were Black? Vanity Fair. https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2014/12/tales-of-the-grim-sleeper-nick-broomfield.

Levi-Minzi, M., & Shields, M. (2007). Serial Sexual Murderers and Prostitutes as Their Victims: Difficulty Profiling Perpetrators and Victim Vulnerability as Illustrated by the Green River Case. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 7(1), 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/mhl021

Collard, J. (2015). Into the archive: Vancouver’s Missing Women Commission of Inquiry. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 33(5), 779–795. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263775815596170

Knight, Z. G. (2007). Sexually motivated serial killers and the psychology of aggression and “evil” within a contemporary psychoanalytical perspective. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 13(1), 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600701365597

Stone, M. H. (2010). Sexual Sadism: A Portrait of Evil. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry, 38(1), 133–157. https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.1.133

Bows, H., & Herring, J. (2020). Getting Away With Murder? A Review of the ‘Rough Sex Defence.’ The Journal of Criminal Law, 84(6), 525–538. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022018320936777

Pettigrew, M. (2018). The Preference for Strangulation in a Sexually Motivated Serial Killer. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 63(5), 781–796. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624x18803829

Published

08-31-2023

How to Cite

Mansell, P. (2023). Unjust Justice: Repeated Incompetence in Criminal Investigations Involving the Less-Dead as Victims. Journal of Student Research, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v12i3.2074

Issue

Section

Short Reports or Letters