Centralized versus Decentralized Solar Grids for San Francisco
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v14i1.8790Keywords:
Decentralized, Centralized, Solar panel, San FranciscoAbstract
Climate change requires a transition to renewable energy sources, but different cities have different contextual needs that require place-specific solutions. Renewable energy sources like solar power reduce greenhouse gas emissions and are becoming more efficient. This makes solar energy an up-and-coming source of power for the city. By 2045, San Francisco wants to have 100% renewable energy. Given their urban environment, they must account for the city’s population energy density relating to energy consumption, trying to discuss whether solar energy can be seen as a viable source for this. Two possible ways to harness solar energy would be a centralized solar grid and a decentralized solar grid. A decentralized solar generation system would be more effective in San Francisco because it is efficient in electricity use, it takes up less natural resources, and it is economically more favorable cost-wise. Incorporating this form of solar energy in San Francisco will be beneficial for addressing climate change and supporting energy demand in the city and wider region.
Downloads
References or Bibliography
Hernandez, R.R., et al. “Environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 29, Jan. 2014, pp. 766–779, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.041. [1]
Minai, Ahmad Faiz, et al. “Performance analysis and comparative study of a 467.2 KWP grid-interactive SPV system: A case study.” Energies, vol. 15, no. 3, 2 Feb. 2022, p. 1107, https://doi.org/10.3390/en15031107. [2]
Mackin, Dina. 2006, Using Public/Private Partnerships to Develop Renewable Energy: An Economic Development Analysis for the Cleantech Cluster in San Francisco, https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/37670/124065548-MIT.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y. Accessed 2024. [3]
Ali, Rafal, et al. “Financial hazard prediction due to power outages associated with severe weather-related natural disaster categories.” Energies, vol. 15, no. 24, 7 Dec. 2022, p. 9292, https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249292. [4]
“Department of Health.” Silicosis and Crystalline Silica Exposure and Mining: Information for Workers, 2015, www.health.ny.gov/environmental/investigations/silicosis/mineworker.htm. [5]
“Solar Photovoltaic Cell Basics | Department of Energy.” Solar Photovoltaic Cell Basics, www.energy.gov/eere/solar/solar-photovoltaic-cell-basics. Accessed 27 May 2024. [6]
“Power Tower System Concentrating Solar-Thermal Power Basics | Department of Energy.” Power Tower System Concentrating Solar-Thermal Power Basics, www.energy.gov/eere/solar/power-tower-system-concentrating-solar-thermal-power-basics. Accessed 27 May 2024. [7]
Cayan, Dan, et al. 2012, Climate Change Scenarios For The San Francisco Region, https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6c96p3q3. Accessed 2024.[8]
IRENA, 2019, MARKET INTEGRATION OF DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES INNOVATION LANDSCAPE BRIEF, https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2019/Feb/IRENA_Market_integration_distributed_system_2019.pdf. Accessed 2024.[9]
Ko, Yekang, et al. “Toward a solar city: Trade-offs between on-site solar energy potential and vehicle energy consumption in San Francisco, California.” International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, vol. 11, no. 6, 23 Dec. 2016, pp. 460–470, https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2016.1274807. [10]
Rudge, Kieren. “The potential for community solar in Connecticut: A geospatial analysis of solar canopy siting on parking lots.” Solar Energy, vol. 230, Dec. 2021, pp. 635–644, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2021.10.038.[11]
Thapar, Sapan. “Centralized vs decentralized solar: A comparison study (India).” Renewable Energy, vol. 194, July 2022, pp. 687–704, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.05.117. [12]
He, Xiaogang, et al. “Solar and wind energy enhances drought resilience and groundwater sustainability.” Nature Communications, vol. 10, no. 1, 6 Nov. 2019, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12810-5. [13]
Corathers, L. A., et al. “Refining Silicon.” PVEducation, www.pveducation.org/pvcdrom/manufacturing-si-cells/refining-silicon. Accessed 27 May 2024. [14]
Rash, Wayne. “The Human Cost of Electronics Manufacturing in China: Silicon UK Tech News.” Silicon UK, 2 Feb. 2012, www.silicon.co.uk/workspace/the-human-cost-of-electronics-manufacturing-in-china-58037. [15]
Weijie, Wu, et al. “Analysis of Energy System Development based on US Bay Area Economy.” 2019 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC), Nov. 2019, https://doi.org/10.1109/ispec48194.2019.8975258. [16]
U.S Department Of Energy, State of California ENERGY SECTOR RISK PROFILE, https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2015/05/f22/CA-Energy%20Sector%20Risk%20Profile.pdf. Accessed 2024. [17]
Iea. “Sweden - Countries & Regions.” IEA, www.iea.org/countries/sweden#. Accessed 27 May 2024. [18]
Ackerly, David. California Natural Resources Agency and California Energy Commission, 2018, San Francisco Bay Area Region Report, https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2019-11/Reg_Report-SUM-CCCA4-2018-005_SanFranciscoBayArea_ADA.pdf. Accessed 2024. [19]
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2025 Arjun Sathish

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright holder(s) granted JSR a perpetual, non-exclusive license to distriute & display this article.


