The complicated relationship between sleep, social media, and mental health in adolescence: a review

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v12i4.5452

Keywords:

adolescent, mental health, screen time, sleep, social media, psychology, neuroscience

Abstract

Sleep is an incredibly important aspect of physical health and mental wellbeing in adolescence. Quality sleep can improve mood and cognition and allow adolescents to perform better in day to day activities. However, adolescents’ sleep is often undercut by other activities, such as screen time on digital devices. With technology like smartphones becoming ubiquitous, time spent on screens is higher than ever, negatively affecting the sleep quality of teens. This review examined why sleep is so important in adolescence, as well as how screen time and social media are associated with poor sleep in adolescents. Mental wellbeing suffers as a result of poor sleep and screen media. Conclusions showed that considerable adverse health effects arise from poor sleep hygiene and excessive screen time is associated with less sleep. Additionally, there were direct links between various forms of screen media, especially social media, and the mental wellbeing of adolescents. Proper sleep hygiene should be better prioritized in today’s age of pervasive technology. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Dr. Natasha Duell, California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo

Rank: Assistant Professor of Psychology and Child Development

References or Bibliography

Baiden, P., Tadeo, S. K., & Peters, K. E. (2019). The association between excessive screen-time behaviors and insufficient sleep among adolescents: Findings from the 2017 youth risk behavior surveillance system. Psychiatry Research, 281, 112586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112586

Brand, S., & Kirov, R. (2011). Sleep and its importance in adolescence and in common

adolescent somatic and psychiatric conditions. International Journal of General

Medicine, 425. https://doi.org/10.2147/ijgm.s11557

Bruce, E. S., Lunt, L., & McDonagh, J. E. (2017). Sleep in adolescents and young adults. Clinical Medicine, 17(5), 424–428. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.17-5-424

Chen, S., Clark, C. C., & Ren, Z. (2022). Different types of screen-based sedentary time and anxiety in adolescents: Video games may be more important. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.918234

Colrain, I. M., & Baker, F. C. (2011). Changes in sleep as a function of adolescent development. Neuropsychology Review, 21(1), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-010-9155-5

Crowley, S. J., Acebo, C., & Carskadon, M. A. (2007). Sleep, circadian rhythms, and delayed phase in adolescence. Sleep Medicine, 8(6), 602–612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2006.12.002

Gangwisch, J. E., Babiss, L. A., Malaspina, D., Turner, B. J., Zammit, G. K., & Posner, K. (2010). Earlier parental set bedtimes as a protective factor against depression and suicidal ideation. Sleep, 33(1), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/33.1.97

Gregory, A. M., & Sadeh, A. (2012). Sleep, emotional and behavioral difficulties in children and adolescents. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 16(2), 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2011.03.007

Hale, L., & Guan, S. (2015). Screen Time and sleep among school-aged children and adolescents: A systematic literature review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 21, 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2014.07.007

Hisler, G., Twenge, J. M., & Krizan, Z. (2020). Associations between screen time and short sleep duration among adolescents varies by media type: Evidence from a cohort study. Sleep Medicine, 66, 92–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2019.08.007

Killgore, W. D. S. (2010). Effects of sleep deprivation on cognition. Progress in Brain Research, 105–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-53702-7.00007-5

Kopasz, M., Loessl, B., Hornyak, M., Riemann, D., Nissen, C., Piosczyk, H., & Voderholzer, U. (2010). Sleep and memory in healthy children and adolescents – A critical review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14(3), 167–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2009.10.006

McAllister, C., Hisler, G. C., Blake, A. B., Twenge, J. M., Farley, E., & Hamilton, J. L. (2021). Associations between adolescent depression and self-harm behaviors and screen media use in a nationally representative time-diary study. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 49(12), 1623–1634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-021-00832-x

McKnight-Eily, L. R., Eaton, D. K., Lowry, R., Croft, J. B., Presley-Cantrell, L., & Perry, G. S. (2011). Relationships between hours of sleep and health-risk behaviors in US adolescent students. Preventive Medicine, 53(4–5), 271–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.06.020

Przybylski, A. K., & Weinstein, N. (2017). A large-scale test of the Goldilocks hypothesis. Psychological Science, 28(2), 204–215. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616678438

Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., Chaput, J.-P., Goldfield, G. S., Janssen, I., Wang, J., Hamilton, H. A., Ferro, M. A., & Colman, I. (2020). The Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines and psychological distress among adolescents: Les Directives Canadiennes en matière de mouvement sur 24 heures et la détresse psychologique chez les adolescents. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 66(7), 624–633. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743720970863

Scott, H., & Woods, H. C. (2019). Understanding links between social media use, sleep and Mental Health: Recent Progress and current challenges. Current Sleep Medicine Reports, 5(3), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40675-019-00148-9

Yoo, S.-S., Gujar, N., Hu, P., Jolesz, F. A., & Walker, M. P. (2007). The human emotional brain without sleep — a prefrontal amygdala disconnect. Current Biology, 17(20). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2007.08.007

Published

11-30-2023

How to Cite

Sohlberg, E., Israel, A.-Y., & Duell, N. (2023). The complicated relationship between sleep, social media, and mental health in adolescence: a review. Journal of Student Research, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v12i4.5452

Issue

Section

HS Review Articles