The Impact of Surgical Advancement of Transoral Robotic Surgery on the Safety of Patients

Authors

  • Nikita Rammohan Thousand Oaks High School

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v11i4.3782

Keywords:

Transoral Robotics Surgery, New hospital technology, Hospital Safety, Informed consent

Abstract

Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is a relatively new technological advancement in the surgical field of otolaryngology. However, there are many concerns of affordability, safety, patient expectations, and consent. This paper examines how the new surgical technology comes with a price many hospitals cannot afford, potentially compromising patient safety to gain a return on their investment. We analyze patient’s expectations as a reason for  risking their safety because there are certain cosmetic standards patients adhere to and opt for minimally invasive procedures, but put themselves in harm's way. We detail out the topic of informed consent, whereby surgeons cannot perform surgery and limit patients’ treatment options. Finally, this paper also examines the role of the FDA in ensuring the safety and efficacy of the TORS technology.

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References or Bibliography

Angelos, P. (2014, December). Surgical ethics and the challenge of surgical innovation. American journal of surgery. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25450589.

This research article is a surgeon's perspective on new technology, such as robotic surgery. It also outlines how informed consent is affected in the event of a malfunction, and new surgical techniques are required mid-surgery. This supports this research because the ethics of surgical innovation is very complicated and depending on the learning curve, can risk patient safety. The status of informed consent changes when unforeseen complications arise and surgeons are left to innovate without the patient's consent for that specific technique.

Ferrarese, A., Pozzi, G., Borghi, F., Marano, A., Delbon, P., Amato, B., … Capasso, E. (2016, January 1). Malfunctions of robotic system in surgery: role and responsibility of surgeon in legal point of view. De Gruyter. https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/med.2016.11.issue-1/med-2016-0055/med-2016-00 55.xml.

This research is data collected on malfunctions in robotic surgery technology and patient injuries as a result, compared to the total amount of robot-assisted procedures performed. It also outlines the role of the FDA and the process of approval of novel technology. This supports this research because it shows the result of complications, malfunctions, and the need for new surgical techniques and innovation mid-surgery.

Giannoukas, A., Mavroforou, A., Michalodimitrakis, E., & Hatzitheo-Filou, C. (2010, February).

Legal and ethical issues in robotic surgery. International angiology : a journal of the International Union of Angiology. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20224537/.

This research article is about liability in the event of a robotic malfunction and how autonomy and cost affect liability. When the hospitals and surgeons become liable due to patients being uncomfortable with the autonomy the robot has, it drives up the finances of TORS. This supports the research because it shows how the cost of TORS can dramatically increase, pushing hospitals to overlook ethics in favor of profits.

Sharkey, A., & Sharkey, N. (2013, January). (PDF) Robotic Surgery: On the Cutting Edge of Ethics. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260501897_Robotic_Surgery_On_the_Cutti ng_Edge_of_Ethics.

This research literature is about the ethical guidelines involved in novel surgical innovation and technology. It outlines how cost, learning curve, and informed consent affect the ethical decisions made by surgeons and hospitals. This supports this research because the cost pushes surgeons to overlook ethics, patients' expectations of the learning curve, and how these affect informed consent.

Siqueira-Batista, R., Souza, C. R., Maia, P. M., & Siqueira, S. L. (2016). ROBOTIC SURGERY: BIOETHICAL ASPECTS. Arquivos brasileiros de cirurgia digestiva : ABCD = Brazilian archives of digestive surgery. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28076489.

This research article is about issues patients have with technology in regard to their privacy. When a surgeon is using technology to operate on a patient, there is a slight change in the relationship of the patient to the surgeon and the trust the patients have in their surgeons. This provides support to the argument and research that patients have trouble giving informed consent because they do not know the extent of the changes in privacy and confidentiality.

Spillman, M. A., & Sade, R. M. (2014). I, Robotic Surgeon. AMA Journal of Ethics, 16(10), 813–817. https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.10.stas2-1410

This article is about the ethical laws set for robots assisting in surgery. It outlines the robot's duties during the surgery, how much autonomy the robot has, and who is liable in the case of a robot malfunction during surgery. It applies to this research because it gives the basics of a robot's role in surgery and the relationship between the robot, patient, and surgeon.

Sullins, J. P. (2014, November). Ethical Trust in the Context of Robot Assisted Surgery.

ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269411525_Ethical_Trust_in_the_Context_ of_Robot_Assisted_Surgery.

This research article is about informed consent and how the level of trust and intimacy effects the patient's ability to give consent. It also outlines the importance of the relationship between the surgeon and patient as well as how the patient might perceive the robotic surgeon. This contributes to this research because informed consent is the basis of ethics when it comes to surgery.

Published

11-30-2022

How to Cite

Rammohan, N. (2022). The Impact of Surgical Advancement of Transoral Robotic Surgery on the Safety of Patients. Journal of Student Research, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v11i4.3782

Issue

Section

HS Research Projects