Impact of Environmental Variations on Biodiesel Harvesting from Chlorophyceae in Raceway-Style Ponds
A review of the limiting factors of biodiesel harvesting in raceway-style ponds to advance alternative fuel research
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v11i3.3682Keywords:
Microalgae, Biofuel, Biodiesel, pH Levels, Temperature, Light Intensity, Chlorophyceae, Paddlewheel Raceway-Style Ponds, Wastewater, Renewable Energy, Alternative Fuels, SustainabilityAbstract
In a world that is increasingly reliant on energy, it is unsustainable to be dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Finding renewable sources of energy that can efficiently support the needs of the modern world is crucial. The following scientific review closely examines microalgae cultured in wastewater as a source of biodiesel, specifically, the well-studied Chlorophyceae class. Chlorophyceae primarily live in freshwater bodies and contain high levels of lipids, making them an ideal type of microalgae for biodiesel extraction. One of the most commonly used methods of mass-producing biodiesel from microalgae is open paddlewheel raceway-style ponds. In these open pond systems, various environmental factors can fluctuate which could reduce biodiesel production in microalgae. Several such limitations exist when considering biodiesel obtained from microalgae as an alternative to fossil fuels. Any light intensity over 600 µE resulted in an optimal lipid level by maximizing photosynthetic activity. Temperatures need to be maintained between 28 and 43 ℃ to avoid thermal stratification. Furthermore, lower pH values yield greater quantities of lipids which are used for biodiesel production. This investigation serves to highlight the drawbacks which may help determine optimal microalgae growth conditions for biodiesel production.
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