Structural Mechanisms and Therapeutic Solutions of the SARS-CoV2 Frameshifting Element
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v11i3.2952Keywords:
SARS-CoV2, COVID-19, RNA, frameshifting, pseudoknot, alternate conformationsAbstract
The Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) has caused the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) worldwide pandemic. Despite the relative success of the various vaccines developed, emerging variants such as the delta and omicron strains present the need to find a more effective therapeutic solution. One such target is the frameshifting element, which is responsible for controlling the balance between proteins necessary both for defending against the host’s immune responses and for reproduction of the retrovirus. As it is one of the most highly conserved sequences in all strains of SARS-CoV2, the purpose of this review article is to summarize what is known about the structural and functional mechanisms of the frameshifting element, and the current advancements towards developing therapeutic solutions to this attractive target.
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